Hey Andrew,
I have 30-06 cases that have been loaded more than 100 times, but just saying that without any clarification can be very misleading. There really are a number of things to consider when talking about case life in reloading, and there are also a number of things to consider when talking about the throat life of a rifle barrel.
The biggest factor affecting both case life and barrel throat life expectancy is how hot you make your loads. I was never interested in shooting through concrete buildings or armored vehicles; my interest has always been in bench rest shooting and hunting. With those interests in mind, I have always loaded my cartridges in the medium to lower ranges.
Many years ago I used to neck size my bolt action cartridges with my regular full length sizer, but I was not a good enough shooter to notice any improvement in accuracy performance. After some time testing with neck sizing cases and not finding any difference, I simply set my locking ring for full length sizing my cases all the time. Set that way, my die is ready to load all 30-06 cases whether for use in my bench rest rifle or my M-1 Garands.
I have known some folks who shoot the hottest loads in the simple quest for speed. Some of their loads are so hot their case necks split on first firing. Some of these folks shooting ultra hot loads also accept the idea that their barrel life may only be 100 rounds. Their loads are so hot the fire burns the throat of the barrel rendering it no longer usable. Some of these folks buy barrels by the dozen and change them out every 100 rounds or so. They may have their old barrels rebored to a bigger caliber, but the barrel is finished at the original chambering. I would not say what they are doing is wrong or foolish. If they want to spend their money that way, good for them. For myself, I would rather shoot milder loads that can kill both paper targets as well as animals up to moose size and still get a lot of usage out of both my brass as well as my barrel.
I have had very few cases split on me in over 50 years of reloading. I doubt if I have had a total of 100 split cases in all the calibers I have shot. Of the cases that did split, they were cases I obtained used that someone else had been reloading. I have never had a case split that I bought either as new commercial ammo or as new commercial brass. Never. But remember, I do load on the mid to mild side. I also shoot a lot of my own cast bullets, and that in itself is gentle to your gun and brass - unless you are shooting them hot, of course.
Many years ago I use to anneal my brass every so often with the idea of extending case life. When I realized I had Remington cases I had reloaded thirty or forty times without any splits, I gave up on annealing my brass. In the last 25 years, I have also given up on the idea of getting used brass. Used brass was the only brass I ever had split, so I simply started using new brass. The only exception is buying surplus Lake City military brass. It is once fired by the US military and makes excellent brass. I currently have several hundred Lake City Match cases that I use for 30-06. I also still have a few hundred Remington 30-06 cases that I have loaded over and over. I also like the Lake City brass for .308 and .223 and have yet to split any of them. Again remember, I stay away from the hot stuff.
So, to answer your question as to how may load I may get from my 30-06 brass, I can say that I have not found out as yet what the limit is for my shooting style. If you want to shoot toward the hotter end, you can still get six, ten, maybe twenty loadings. It all depends on how hot you need to go. Full length resizing has very little to do with case life.
Best wishes,
Dave Wile