I was neck sizing them as you describe it, by backing out a FL sizing die.
My guess, since they were all cracked at the neck/shoulder position, is that there was a mismatch between the main body of cartridge in the 2nd rifle's chamber (maybe too large ?) and the neck possibly gripped too tight or too quickly upon firing. Or it could have been a slight headspace difference? That is probably more likely, but I don't really know. I doubt the cartridge body was too snug a fit in the 2nd rifle. At least there was no indication when it was chambered. The shoulder was certainly not pushed back any, or if so only very slightly.