The .45 Cowboy Special brass was designed to more efficiently load with light loads for better volumetric efficiency and consistent ignition. It also has the advantage of mitigating double charges with light loaded, fast burning powders in the overly large 45 Colt cases.
It's made to fit perfectly in a 45 ACP single action cylinder. Instead of headspacing on the case mouth like a 45 ACP case, it headspaces on the rim. You can use these same cases in a 45 Colt cylinder but because of the extra long chamber before the chamber throat, quite a bit of pressure is lost so velocity suffers as does accuracy.
These cases were designed specifically for 45 ACP single action cylinders. They will work just fine in S&W Mod 25s or Colt New Service without moon clips by head spacing like a normal 45 ACP case on the case mouth; however the rim will not touch the cyl face.
The 45 Spl has proper headspace in single action ACP cylinders because those cylinders have a normal 45 Colt rim headspace. Unlike ACP cylinders in double action cylinders which are designed to use moon clips (and can also use 45 Auto Rim cases), which of course have no need of clips in a single action revolver for extraction.
45 AR will not work in single action ACP cylinders because of its thicker rim.