I once had a great conversation with my FIL (Retired police detective) and a couple of his former workmates one of whom was an armorer, about self defense, stopping power, and weapons. They all had some interesting thoughts about civilian vs police when it came to the need for stopping power. They all had some interesting observations about the difference between police and civilian shootouts. Mainly, they thought that many of the stories about failure to stop a perpetrator even with multiple hits from very powerful handguns were almost always POLICE involved shootings. And that in civilian shootings, often seemingly tiny inadequate arms/ammo 22, 25 auto 380 ball ammo etc, resulted in a single shot or two resulting in an end or break off of the assault. They had all seen multiple examples of both, and all shared the idea that it had to do with mindset: In a predatory assault on a civilian, the perp like any predator believes THEY have the upper hand, and are NOT expecting resistance, let alone to be shot. And that the shock factor of receiving an immediate deadly reply to their attack is a big factor in ending such affairs quickly. (Not sure of the exact stats today, but just a few years ago, the average civilian shooting happened at less than ten feet, usually involved two participants, and involved just less than two shots) In a police shooting, the bad guys is of a completely different mindset, and in a completely different state than in the civilian shooting; As they put it, if you are pulling gun on the cops and firing, you are aware in some part of your mind that this will only end one of two ways - death or eternity in a cage. The whole physical response - fight or flight etc, is totally different. Adrenal flow is much higher. panic factor higher, rage higher all of which lead to those stories of perps soaking up whole magazines and still rolling. All these gentlemen were quite comfortable with family members carrying fairly small arms for defense, and my FIL still carries a 22 in his pocket a lot in his retirement. Food for thought! But if course personal confidence has to dictate your selection.